Doc of the Day: George Washington's First Annual Message to Congress

On January 8, 1790, President George Washington delivered his first annual message to Congress, as required by the recently adopted U.S. Constitution. In this address, Washington informed Congress, from his firsthand experience in touring the eastern states between October 15 and November 13, that great recovery had been made from the wartime destruction and dislocation. He also stated that agriculture, commerce, and manufacturing were prosperous and that both the people and the officers of the states were very supportive of the federal government under the new Constitution. In his first inaugural address, delivered eight months earlier, Washington had asked Congress to consider only one item, a bill of rights. His first annual message, however, contained a list of more than six topics for Congress to consider. Washington listed tasks that the Constitution specifically delegates to Congress to do, such as to provide a uniform currency, set a standard of weights and measures, develop a system of patents for inventions, give copyrights in science and literature, ascertain a uniform rule of naturalization, and further develop the Post Office and Post Office roads to tie the country together. He also asked for Congress’s cooperation in his executive duties, particularly in military and foreign affairs.

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  1. Also known as the State of the Union Address, this was the speech the President makes to a joint session of the Congress at the beginning of a legislative session. In fact, the U.S. Constitution mentions in Article 2, Section 3 that the President shall “from time to time give to Congress information of the State of the Union.” George Washington and John Adams gave their State of Union Address in person but Presidents like Jefferson sent the address in writing and was read by a clerk to Congress. For more information on George Washington and a detailed time line of events, check out Shmoop.

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